Francis turbines allow the widest possible scope, both in terms of head (covering a range from 20 to 200m) and power (from 400 kw to 30 mw).

Runner diameter: 0.42m- 5.0m;

Suitable water head: H =8m- 140m;

Suitable discharge: Q =0.20m3/s- 20.0m3/s;

Unit capacity: 50kw -50000kw.

Francis turbines may be designed for a wide range of heads and flows. This, along with their high efficiency, has made them the most widely used turbine in the world. Francis type units cover a head range from 20 to 700 meters (100 to 2, 300 feet), and their output power varies from just a few kilowatts up to one gigawatt. Large Francis turbines are individually designed for each site to operate at the highest possible efficiency, typically over 90%.